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It is my goal to offer only the finest, safest and most healthy ingredients for your use and enjoyment.

Whenever possible, I use only certified organic (CO) ingredients. When CO ingredients are unavailable, I have used only those ingredients that have been grown and manufactured for use with minimal, if any chemical processing. I have researched the very few ingredients that are not naturally derived and I feel safe with and comfortable using them, which is why I am proud to include them with the rest of my skin care products.

Kindly note that the ingredient information provided on this website is for educational purposes only. It has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The majority of the information you will see on this page is inspired by Mountain Rose Herbs. I purchase many of my raw ingredients from them because they are a highly ethical, earth friendly company.

Activated Charcoal: Considered the most effective adsorbent material in the world today. It soaks up chemicals and toxins preventing them from being absorbed into your system and causing harm. It is used in Emergency Rooms after a person swallows or absorbs almost any toxic drug or chemical. It is placed in cosmetics to soak in all the hazards your skin encounters and lifts them away from your body. Commonly used in cleansers, masques and gels.

Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHA): Alpha hydroxy acids, or AHAs, are commonly found in different concentrations in many products. The most commonly used alpha hydroxy acids are glycolic, lactic, malic, citric and tartaric acids. These mild acids serve to remove the outer layer of dull skin and leave skin with a rejuvenated appearance. Some of these acids are derived from fruit sources, particularly citrus fruits, apples and grapes. Some of the alpha hydroxy acids, such as glycolic acid, are found in sugar cane. Others, such as lactic acid, are found in milk.

Aloe Vera is well respected for its application as a moisturizing agent. It containsvitamin B complex, folic acid, vitamin C and carotene (a precursor of vitaminA). This particular gel was created by hand removing the inner fillet of wholeAloe Vera leaves, and then it was subsequently sent into a cold pressedproduction facility. It is a naturally ground product and may contain smallpieces of pulp within the gel. Thecactus-like aloe is a favorite houseplant and home remedy for burns, scrapes,cuts, and scratches. It has been used for millennia to treat skin problems.Alexander the Great is said to have sent his army from Greece to an island off the coast of Somalia just toobtain its crop of aloe. Aloe-emodin, arginine, magnesium, salicylates, serine,vitamin C, and complex polysaccharides including acemannan.Aloe is used totreat eczema (atopic dermatitis), frostbite, psoriasis, and wounds fromcosmetic dermabrasion and dental procedures involving the gums. The herbcontains at least seven antioxidant compounds that prevent the production ofleukotrienes, chemical agents of inflammation released by mast (white blood)cells. Aloe gel releases natural salicylates, compounds related to aspirin, andrelieves pain as it encourages healing.

Ascorbic Acid: Vitamin C, also known the topical vitamin C, is available in many skin care products. Scientific data have shown that Vitamin C will help increase the amount of collagen production in the skin. It is also a natural anti-inflammatory that helps in reversing some of the effects of sun damage to the skin. By increasing the amount of collagen in the skin, the fine lines will be reduced. Vitamin C is one of the many active ingredients to topical agents sold on this web site, and can play a vital role in a regular skin care regimen.

Ascorbyl Palmitate (Palmitic acid ester - Vitamin C Ester): A salt of ascorbic acid. It is used as a preservative and antioxidant to prevent rancidity. Vitamin C is thought to prevent collagen break down and help combat the signs of aging. As an antioxidant it is believed to remove the free radicals that cells produce. Free radicals have been associated with skin cancer and premature skin aging due to sun exposure. Some experts believe antioxidants are the most vital weapons in the fight against aging. Most of the damage of our skin is caused by a free-radical assault from smoke, pollution and UV rays. Free radicals then turn the oils of our skin rancid, which damages the collagen. Collagen is the protein fibers that serve as the building blocks of our skin. Antioxidants are used in skin care products to neutralize free radicals before they ravage the skin. Topical vitamin C may help lighten solar lentigos and melasma. Some studies have shown that topical vitamin C provides additional protection against the harmful effects of the sun. It is said to prevent collagen breakdown, which would aid in combating aging. A Duke University found that adding Vitamin C and E to sunscreens protects against UVB radiation.

Australian Clay:This claycontains multiple essential minerals including magnesium, calcium, copper,zinc, and potassium. These combine to give the clay its amazing properties for detoxifyingskin, and stimulating circulation of the blood and lymph systems. Australian Clay is also credited with beingparticularly good for detoxification, and is suitable for both dry and oilyskin. The elimination of toxins from the body will leave the skin feelingfresh, hydrated and re-energized.

Avocado Oil: This ultra rich organic oil isa delightful treasure containing high amounts of Vitamin A, B1, B2, D, and E.Also contains amino acids, sterols, pantothenic acid, lecithin, and otheressential fatty acids. Highly prized to those with skin problems such aseczema, psoriasis, and other skin ailments and our variety makes a lovely saladoil for dressings and condiments. Highly recommended to those with sensitiveskin, problem skin and other irritations that require vitamin rich oil.

Bearberry Extract: inhibits and reduces melanin production. Melanin is the substance responsible for giving skin it's pigmentation (color). Synthetic versions of the naturally occurring consitituents of bearberry are widely used in many skin whitening products on the market today.

Bentonite Clay:100% naturally occurring and naturally quarry mined bentonite, also referred toas Montmorillonite, is one of the most effective and powerful healing claysused to treat both internal and external maladies. It has a very fine,velveteen feel and is odorless and non-staining. Bentonite is very unusual inthe fact that once it becomes hydrated, the electrical and molecular componentsof the clay rapidly change and produce an "electrical charge". Itshighest power lies in the ability to absorb toxins, impurities, heavy metalsand other internal contaminants. Bentonite clay's structure assists it inattracting and soaking up poisons on its exterior wall and then slowly drawsthem into the interior center of the clay where it is held in a sort ofrepository.To state it another way…"Bentonite is a swelling clay. When itbecomes mixed with water it rapidly swells open like a highly porous sponge.From here the toxins are drawn into the sponge through electrical attractionand once there, they are bound.

Birch Bark: Betulinic acid, betulin, methyl salicylate.Antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory, birch bark has been used totreat skin outbreaks for centuries. Recent investigations suggest that the chemicalbetulin found in the bark may be useful in the treatment of melanoma (althoughnot as the sole treatment for the condition).

Cacao: Chocolate good for you? Numerous studies havesuggested that the guilty pleasures of chocolate may not be quite so guiltyafter all. Cacao beans and nibs, the raw materials for making chocolate, arehigh in flavonoids and contain more antioxidants than most fruits. Cacao beansare rich in magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese and potassium.They are also a good source of vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, C, E and pantothenicacid. Caffeine, flavonoids, phenylethylalamine,anandamide, magnesium, sulfur, oleic acid, theobromine, tryptophan.

Castille Soap: Castile soap was originally 100% olive oil soap. It got its name from the Castile region in Spain. It's an extremely mild, liquid with water like consistency. It's made from olive oil and sodium hydroxide.

Castor Oil: A natural source oil from certified organic Castor beans. A hard andshiny oil found in most cosmetics that acts as a barrier agent and protectivemedium against harsh conditions and extremes.

Chamomile: Low-growing relative of the sunflower native to Eastern Europe and now found around the world. Essential oil(bisabolol and chamazulene), apigenin, matricin. The traditional use ofchamomile tea is to induce deep sleep” an effect confirmed in a study ofpatients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Chamomile stops spasms in thesmooth muscles lining the stomach and intestines, and contains chemicals thatare anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antiparasitic.

Cloves: The aromatic flowers and oil of clove has been used forculinary and medicinal uses for centuries. Clove is the active ingredient inmany over the counter toothache remedies because it has both anesthetic andantiseptic properties. Volatile oil, gallotannic acid; Caryophyllin; Eugenin;gum, resin, fibre. Oil of cloves has been pronounced the safest and mosteffective ingredient in most over the counter toothache remedies. It is also astrong germicide, and has been used for its antiseptic properties to treatwounds and infections.

Cocoa Butter: Cocoa Butter is becoming increasingly popular inthe natural body care and cosmetic industries for good reason. It has been usedfor centuries in Africa for its moisturizingand healing properties, where it has been used to protect and condition skinwhich has been damaged by the sun and wind. Cocoa Butter contains naturalantioxidants. It is naturally rich in Vitamin E as well as a number of othervitamins and minerals. Vitamin E helps to soothe, hydrate, and balance the skinand also provides the skin collagen which assists with wrinkles and other signsof ageing. Cocoa Butter is a superbmoisturizer which slows down moisture loss, known for its hydrating effects,gentle on the skin and has a pleasing aroma, excellent when used on dry skin oron wrinkles. It is one of the most stable, highly concentrated natural fatsknown, and melts at body temperature so that it is readily absorbed into theskin.

Cranberry extract: has anti-bacterial, antioxidant, anti-microbial properties from the high level of naturally occurring proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins).The cranberry is often referred to as a “superfruit” because of its superior nutrient content and antioxidant properties.Cranberries are a source of polyphenol antioxidants.These antioxidants are believed to be influential in combating oxidative stress.Polyphenol antioxidants scavenge free radicals and result in, among many other things, a reduction of inflammation.

Damiana Leaf: blocks epidermal melanin (skin pigment) biosynthesis by inhibiting enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine and dopa. Promotes skin lightening and an even skin tone on all skin types.

Dead Sea Salt: A luxuriantsea salt extracted and solar dried from the saline and mineral rich marshes ofthe confined Dead Sea. Dead Sea salt is a nutrient rich, extremely fine, and partially moistsalt. This salt is extremely wealthy innumerous key elements and has proven to be one of the best therapeutic saltsavailable.

DMAE (Dimethylaminoethanol) a naturally occurring substance that facilitates the synthesis of a neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is a compound released from the ends of nerve fibers and it is involved in the transmission of nerve impulses. DMAE also may stimulate the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, an important component of cell membranes. Phosphatidylcholine is an essential fatty acid that improves and protects cell membranes damaged by free-radicals and improves blood flow and circulation. An intriguing finding in some DMAE studies was that it reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin deposits inside cells. Lipofuscin deposits are cellular pigment consisting of aggregated chucks of molecular waste. It has been demonstrated that DMAE causes some degree of skin and pore tightening. However, it remains unclear how DMAE firms the skin -- whether by stabilizing the membranes, boosting acetylcholine, reducing lipofuscin deposits or none of the above. Whatever the mechanism, the effect of DMAE is often noticeable although seldom dramatic. Besides, even though DMAE can't fully reverse the existing facial sag, it may reduce its further progression. People report a cumulative effect with continued use of DMAE.

Evening Primrose Oil: No additives, preservatives, antioxidants, orother foreign agents have been used or included in the manufacturing of thisoil. A true cold pressed oil from certified organically grown Evening Primroseseeds. Research has shown Evening Primrose Oil to be beneficial in thetreatment of acne, rosacea, signs of ageing and eczema. Research has shownother benefits as well.

Epsom Salt: Epsom Salt is a truly luxurious product, often overlooked for its therapeuticbenefits, and is principally used in bath salts to sooth, relax, and relievesore muscles. Epsom Salt has numerous medicinal benefits and supplies the bodywith magnesium and sulfates. It softens the skin, soothes aches, reducesswelling, inflammations, exfoliates the skin, removes odors, draws toxins fromthe body, sedates the nervous system, relaxes the muscles, provides relief fromjoint soreness and arthritic pain, and is a natural emollient. Unlike othersalts, it does not leave the skin feeling dry. On the contrary, Epsom Saltleaves the skin with a soft and silky texture.

French Green Clay: French Green Clay also sometimes traded as Sea Clayis by far one of the most majestic, most effective, and most commonly usedmineral skin clays found throughout our global community. French Green Clay(AKA Illite Clay or Sea Clay) contains a cornucopia of valuable elements, whichinclude montmorillonite, several (up to 9) important mineral oxides, magnesium,calcium, potassium, dolomite, silica, manganese, phosphorous, silicon, copper,and selenium. Green clay owes its coloration to 2 very important factors, whichultimately decide good quality clay from poor quality clay. They are, ironoxides, and decomposed plant matter…..Yes, that is correct, decomposed plantmatter. The natural green tones found in this luxurious clay are from the verycycles of life this earth uses to regenerate itself. Unlike other clays wherekey elements work in symbiosis off of each other, French Green contains severalelements which act as their own "body". In French Green Clay, eachelement is responsible for working the outer epidermis (skin) in its own way andin dispensing their biological constituents as best as possible. Here is ananalogy… Let's say any other clay has 20 workers, but out of all the 20 workersthey only work to the potential of 1 worker, very unproductive indeed. But now,let's look at French Green Clay with its 20 workers. This marvelous clay willwork to the potential of 20 workers, not just 1. The highly micronized, andoften fragile molecular state of French Green Clay allows for far greaterabsorption of impurities, dust, oil, contaminants, and make up then otherclays, and when seeking treatment for the skin, health professionals willalways choose French Green over the other varieties.

Fullers Earth Clay: Fullers Earth was awarded its name several hundredyears ago when wool textile workers or "Fullers" created atime-saving concoction to remove the dense oils from sheep's wool. This brewincluded water, urine, soapwort and an abundant "clay" that was inhearty supply. Because of its ability to literally soak up oil and remove denseproperties from any given material, it was found to be a highly profitable anduseful product for modern manufacturers. Since then its most prominent use hasbeen for post production kitty litter, meow! And as a bulk garage clay thatmany mechanics use to soak up oil and other automotive spills. Don't let thisfrighten you from trying it on your skin! It marvels in comparison to other"whitening clays" and so far has outperformed any material to helpclean oily and acne-prone skin. Fuller's Earth is naturally occurring sedimentaryclay composed mainly of alumina, silica, iron oxides, lime, magnesia, andwater, in extremely variable proportions. It has the incredible ability toremove oils and impurities from the skin and produces a lightening effect onthe outer epidermal layer. This is why we have seen several products marketedas "facial bleach" or "skin bleaching" clay.

Glycolic Acid: Constituent of sugar cane juice. Made by the action of NaOH on monochloroacetic acid; also by electrolytic reduction of oxalic acid (Merck Index, 11^th Edition) Contained in sugar cane juice and fruit, it is an odorless, slightly water-absorbing acid used to control the acid/alkali balance in cosmetics. It is a compound related to alpha hydroxyl acids. (Ruth Winter, M.S., Consumers Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients).

Grapefruit Seed Extract: Grapefruit seed extract is a marvelous and wondrous natural ingredientand truly an underrated treasure. It cleans, protects, preserves delicatefoods, and so much more. It is used in my products as a natural preservative.

Grapeseed Oil : Grapeseed is especially usefulfor skin types that do not absorb oils too well, and it does not leave a greasyfeeling. Wonderful for those with skin sensitivities because of its naturalnon-allergenic properties.

Green Tea Extract: Green Tea extract is usedinternationally in cosmetics, as it is a rich source of antioxidants, such asVitamin C and Vitamin E. Green tea extract is hailed in the Natural Skin CareIndustry. It is said to help repair the effects of aging and environmentalfactors. The active constituents in green tea are the catechin - polyphenols.Green tea catechins are potent antioxidants.

Hazelnut Oil: Hazelnut oil is known for its astringent qualitiesand because of this, it is best used for those who have oily skin but do wantto abstain from using oils. This makes a lovely and most welcome addition toseveral of my skin care products.

Hyaluronic acid (Sodium Hyauronate): Currently there are two forms of hyaluronic acid on the market; one derived from rooster comb and the other derived by the fermentation of yeast. Brendita's Body Works, LLC uses the 100% vegan approved version of hyaluronic acid, Sodium Hyauronate. Hyaluronic acid is naturally found in the extracellular matrix of human tissue.Topically applied hyaluronic acid forms an air permeable layer and penetrates into the dermis, thus boosting the elasticity and hydration of the skin.The protective breathable barrier on the skin locks in moisture which gives the skin a youthful appearance.The cuticular layer of the skin normally contains 10-20% water, however as we age it can drop to below 10%.Hyaluronic acid comes to the rescue with its unique ability to hold more than 1000 ml of water per gram of hyaluronic acid, which is a key factor in allowing the skin to retain more water.Amazingly, hyaluronic acid adjusts its moisture absorption based on the relative humidity in the air.It is the ideal ingredient in skin care products as it adjusts to the skin's need for a moisturizing effect depending on the relative humidity of seasons and climate of an area.Hyaluronic acid also protects the epidermis by scavenging reactive oxygen species generated by ultra violet light which would normally cause sunspots.

Jojoba Oil: Jojoba oil comes from the beans of the shrub likeplant, simmondsia chinensis. This is the highest grade certified organic, coldpressed oil (actually a liquid plant wax). It is bright and golden in color andis regarded as the most favored in the carrier oil family because of itsadvanced molecular stability. It's wonderful for the skin because it hasabsorption properties that are similar to our skins own sebum.

Kokum Butter : Kokum Butter is often used as a substitute for CocoaButter due to its uniform triglyceride composition. It melts when it comes intocontact with the skin. Kokum Butter is composed of beneficial compounds thathelp to regenerate skin cells. It's commonly used in skin healing lotions,creams and body butters, as well as soaps, cosmetics and toiletries. KokumButter is rich in essential fatty acids, which aid in cell oxygenation and makenutrients more readily available for use by skin tissues. Kokum Butter alsocontains antioxidant vitamin E. Kokum Butter is a non-comodegenic (nonpore-clogging) material that aids quick absorption and adds a premium textureto your cream emulsions. Kokum Butter helps regenerate tired and worn skincells and supports skin elasticity and general flexibility of the skin wall. Ithas been used traditionally in Indiato soften skin and restore elasticity and as a balm for dry, cracked, rough andcalloused skin. It is also beneficial for the treatment of many differentconditions, such as:
Helps prevent dry skin andwrinkles ; Helps regenerate skin cells

Lactic Acid: Lactic acid is one of the many alpha hydroxy acids used in skin care products. It is commonly found in milk, pickles, and other foods made by bacterial fermentation. Lactic acid is also the source for painful muscles after over exertion. Some of these creams require a prescription to obtain. These creams and lotions are very helpful at getting the skin to retain moisture. Lactic acid can help reduce the effects of photo aging, and can play an important role in the treatment of sun damaged skin.

Licorice Root: Licorice's main component glycyrrhizinate has been clinically proven to be an effective anti-inflammatory, moisturizing agent. In addition, it has the natural ability to lighten the skin, making it an absolute must have for those with hyperpigmented skin. It has been used for centuries to treat a number of skin disorders and is well tolerated by nearly all skin types.

Liquid Lecithin: No solvents were used in the extraction of thisorganic liquid Lecithin, derived from soybeans, making it a much saferingredient to use for our bodies. Lecithin is an emollient, which is asoftening and soothing agent. In addition, it has magnificentmoisturizing properties, and helps to hydrate the skin. The phospholipidsnaturally present in Lecithin are able to attract water from the air, and indoing so, increase hydration. This makes it an excellent additive forrestorative creams, or for products designed for mature, dry, or overworkedskin. It also has the unique ability to deeply penetrate the skin, andcarry substances directly to the cells and the bloodstream. Because of this,it may assist the body in absorbing other properties as well. If aproduct is created with natural and healing ingredients, then the addition ofLecithin would actually bring those beneficial properties to the cellularlevel. Lecithin also has emulsifying, stabilizing, thickening, andsuspending qualities. With these amazing and varied capabilities, theaddition of lecithin could assist in the therapeutic and medicinal propertiesof your body care products.

Macadamia Nut Oil : This fineoil comes from the pressed nuts of the Macadamia tree. It is a priceless delightfor the skin and has proven itself to be one of the best regenerative oilsavailable. It is high in monounsaturated fatty acids, and closely resembles sebum (the oilnaturally produced by ones skin to help protect it). Macadamia oil is afabulous, protective oil with a high absorption rate and has been successfullyused as a healing oil for scars, sunburns, minor wounds and other irritations.

Mango Butter : Mango Butter has natural emollient properties, highoxidative ability, wound healing, and regenerative activity due to its highunsaponiable. Mango Butter has been traditionally used in the rainforests andtropics for its skin softening, soothing, moisturizing and protectiveproperties and to restore flexibility and reduce degeneration of skin cells. It has a protective effect against UV radiation. Mango Butter will provideimprovements and benefits in all the conditions listed below. As you use thisbutter you are likely to discover additional uses. Dermatologists oftenrecommend Mango Butter for treatment of wrinkles, as most people who use itwill notice decreased signs of aging and the disappearance of lines andwrinkles within 4 to 6 weeks of daily use. Mango Butter is a tropical butterthat has a similar composition to Shea and Cocoa, however the fatty acid content profileis slightly different and enhances the spectrum of natural EFAs, antioxidantsand vitamins that Kabana products offer.

Meadowfoam Oil: Meadowfoam Oil is pressed fromthe seeds of Meadowfoam (Limnanthes alba), a plant which received its namebecause of its resemblance while in bloom to the white foam blowing on theocean. Meadowfoam oil contains over 98% long-chain fatty acids, and also hashigher quality triglyceride levels when compared to other vegetable oils. Inaddition, it has three long chain fatty acids that were previously unknownbefore its discovery. It is widely used in cosmetic and hair care productsbecause it is moisturizing, extremely stable, and capable of adhering andstaying on the skin. When applied to the skin, it forms a moisture barrier andwill assist the skin with preventing moisture loss. Aside from these amazingcosmetic uses, Meadowfoam oil is also beneficial for our environment! It wasfirst developed in the 1970's, and was introduced as an alternative to spermwhale oil in order to protect the species. The pressed seeds are fed to cattleand other livestock, and are a source of nutrients for these animals. Whilegrown in the field, birds, insects, mice, and other critters, also eat thenutritious seeds. The Meadowfoam plants themselves are a renewable crop, andare usually grown as a rotation crop for grass seed farmers. This eliminatesthe need to burn the fields in between grass seed plantings, and also providesfarmers with additional income. Meadowfoam also requires less fertilizer andpesticides than most crops, assisting farmers and the environment. Scientistsat Oregon State Universityand the US Department of Agriculture, as well as other scientists, are allcurrently studying Meadowfoam oil, in order to discover new applications forthis versatile oil.

Milk, Powdered (Lactose): Lactose is present in the milk of mammals. Milk leaves the skin feeling silky smooth with a hydrated appearance. An effective and softening skin cleanser. Milk proteins smooth, firm and soften the skin. Milk is high in hydrophilic (water) and lipophilic (fat) factors and has beneficial vitamins and sugars. It has excellent nutritive value, is packed with proteins, beneficial fats, vitamins, amino acids and calcium. It is easily absorbed into the skin. Milk has a long standing in beauty history. Many of the historic beauties testified to milks effectiveness with their faithful use of milk in their beauty regime. Cleopatra took aromatic milk baths, Emperor Nero's wife Poppea bathed in milk and even Marie Antoinette used buttermilk to prevent wrinkles. The "new" alpha hydroxy acid skin treatments are simply made up of lactic acid (milk), citric acid, glycolic, malic, and tartaric acids. These treatments are not new at all. Cleopatra's famous milk baths contained lactic acid, which removed the upper layer of the skin to revel smooth, new skin.

Nettle Root: Alsoknown as- Also Known As- Urtica dioica, Stinging Nettle, Common Nettle,Gerrais, Isirgan, Kazink, Ortiga, Grande Ortie, Ortie, Urtiga, Chichicaste, andBrennessel. The nettle leaf and root both have medicinal properties, but eachis more effective against different complaints. Extracts of nettle root haveproven effective in reducing the inflammation associated with BPF andprostatitis and even slowing the growth of abnormal cells. Formic acid,histamine, serotonin, choline, minerals, chlorophyll, amino acids, lecithin,carotenoids, flavonoids, sterols, tannins and vitamins. Nettle's main plantchemicals include: acetophenone, acetylcholine, agglutinins, alkaloids,astragalin, butyric acid, caffeic acids, carbonic acid, chlorogenic acid,chlorophyll, choline, coumaric acid, folacin, formic acid, friedelins,histamine, kaempherols, koproporphyrin, lectins, lecithin, lignans, linoleicacid, linolenic acid, neoolivil, palmitic acid, pantothenic acid, quercetin,quinic acid, scopoletin, secoisolariciresinol, serotonin, sitosterols,stigmasterol, succinic acid, terpenes, violaxanthin, and xanthophylls.

Oats: Oats are a rich source of vitamins and minerals. Oats are high in amino acids, are a humectant, skin soothing, relieve itching and act as a moisturizer. Proteins consist of giant chains of amino acids, the building blocks of life. The amino acid chains are joined chemically by a peptide bond.

Olive Oil : It has a rich, full bodied flavor with a strongaroma and is golden brown in color. Has a great conditioning effect in bodycare recipes and can be used in almost all applications because of its stablenature. Olive oil is composed mainly of oleic acid and palmiticacid and other fatty acids, along with traces of highly prized squalane, anatural moisturizer that penetrates the skin quickly and is very close incharacteristic and nature to the natural oil that our skin produces.

Palmitate (Vitamin A): Palmitate is a mixture of solid organic acids obtained from fats. First isolated in 1909 from egg yolk. Vitamin A is an antioxidant that aids in the removal of free radicals that cells produce. Free radicals have been associated with skin cancer and premature skin aging due to sun exposure. Some experts believe antioxidants are the most vital weapons in the fight against aging. Most of the damage of our skin is caused by a free-radical assault from smoke, pollution and UV rays. Free radicals then turn the oils of our skin rancid, which damages the collagen. Collagen is the protein fibers that serve as the building blocks of our skin. Antioxidants are used in skin care products to neutralize free radicals before they ravage the skin. Research shows that vitamin A encourages collagen production in the dermis, which causes the middle layers to plump out and efficiently retain moisture.

Panthenol (Vitamin B Complex): Good for human tissues, used in skin and hair products. A vitamin B-complex group which provides cumulative conditioning effects after extended and regular use. It is absorbed quickly by the hair to provide moisture regardless of atmospheric conditions.

Rhassoul Clay OtherCommon Names- Red Clay, Red Moroccan Clay, Ghassoul Clay, Oxide Clay. From Morocco, comes this remarkablenatural source, reddish brown cosmetic clay known as Rhassoul.
It has been used for over 1400 years as soap, shampoo, and skin conditioner andthe finest spas across the globe currently utilize it for therapeutic benefits.Its extraordinary power of absorption makes it more effective than other claysfor cleansing, de-toxification, and general skin treatment. Rhassoul Claycontains a high percentage of silica, magnesium, potassium, and calcium.Clinical studies have been conducted by two different research laboratories inthe United Statesto evaluate Rhassoul use for skin conditions. The results of this single useRhassoul study produced these findings-

• Reduces dryness (79%)
• Reduces flakiness (41%)
• Improves skin clarity (68%)
• Improves skin elasticity / firmness (24%)
• Improves skin texture (106%)
• Removes surface oil and oil from inside and aroundcomedons
• Removes dead skin layers, resulting in a generalsmoothing of the surface skin in addition to the oil removal characteristics.

Roobois extract is a powerful free radical scavenger with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.It is recommended for wide range of skin ailments such as eczema, diaper rash and acne because applied topically it has a soothing effect on the skin. Rooibos is high in minerals such as calcium and fluoride.The most important aspects of rooibos are its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.Recently, Japanese scientists found that rooibos tea closely mimics the enzyme Super Oxide Dismutase (S.O.D.), an antioxidant which attacks the free radicals and limits their damaging effects.

Rose (Petals, Buds, andPowder): The rose has beenvalued for its beauty and its perfume for thousands of years. The distinctivescent of the rose derived from acyclic monoterpene alcohols, geraniol (up to75%), citronellol (20%) and nerol (20%), and long-chain hydrocarbons likenonadecane or heneicosane (up to 10%). An important trace component of rose oilis beta-damascenone. Even though this chemical makes up only 0.01% of theweight of the rose, its presence or absence determines the appeal of the rose.The American Botanical Council reports that rose petals have sedative,antiseptic, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, laxative, cholesterol-lowering,and heart-supportive properties. An ointment called "Rosalin" wastested against several microorganisms with positive results, particularly thetreatment of acute radio dermatitis and radionecrosis. It also showed benefitsfor cancer patients receiving radiation therapy. Psychological studies indicatethat rose oil can induce "sweeter dreams" and increase concentrationand rate of work capacity.

Rosemary: Rosemary is an aromatic evergreen mint that grows toa height of about three feet (one meter). It bears narrow, thick, needle-likegreen leaves and pale blue to violet flowers. The leaves and the essential oildistilled form the leaves are used in herbal medicine. Antioxidant, antiseptic,and antispasmodic- Rosemary is a key herb in European herbal medicine. Forcenturies, rosemary has been used to treat arthritis, baldness, headaches, stomachupset, pains, strains, cuts, scrapes, and bruises. It has also been used torelieve eczema through increased circulation in the skin after its application.It is believed that rosemary may carry away inflammatory chemicals.

Rosemary Oleoresin Extract (Rosmarinus Officinalis): Contains antioxidants which are oil soluble. Undiluted it should be thick, sticky and brownish/green. Often sold diluted at 1% in 99% soybean oil. When you purchase that mixture you have well preserved soybean oil, but the properties are destroyed for preserving anything else. Before refrigeration was available people wrapped their meat in rosemary leaves to preserve it. Meats spoil partly because oxidation turns the fats rancid and rosemary retards spoilage. Its preservative value has made it a mainstay in herbal medicine. It is made of oil soluble antioxidant compounds derived from the herb rosemary. As a natural preservative, it prevents rancidity in which vegetable/plant oils have been made.

Safflower Oil: A highly moisturizing oil with anexceptionally high amount of Oleic acids. Deeply soothing and one of the firstchoices for skin care recipes requiring moisturizing benefits.

Sal Butter: Sal Butter is becoming increasingly popular in thenatural body care and cosmetic industries for good reason. It has been used forcenturies in Indiafor its moisturizing and healing properties, where it has been used to protectand condition skin which has been damaged by the sun and wind. Due to itsuniform triglyceride composition, it has a high oxidative and emulsionstability, as well as good skin softening ability. Comparable to cocoa butterin its physical properties,Sal Buttercan be used in similarapplications. It is also beneficial for the treatment of many differentconditions, such as dry skin, itchy skin, skin rashes, eczema, and dermatitis,sunburn, to name a few.

Salycillic acid / hydroxybenzoic acid: Salicylic acid occurs naturally in various plants. It is a beta hydroxy acid. Over the last several decades salicylic acid has been introduced in a large variety of cosmetic products and also OTC (over the counter) drug products based on its different properties and effects on the skin. These effects have been extensively been studied as evidenced by dozens of both laboratory and clinical studies. In fact, salicylic acid might be one of the most studied active ingredients in the cosmetic industry. Salycillic acid is responsible for the exfoliation of skin cells and it facilitates skin penetration of other active ingredients. It is also has anti-acneic, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, analgetic and anti-pruritic (anti-itching) properties. One of the major properties of salicylic acid is its ability to remove skin cells of the most upper layer of the skin, the stratumorneum.Due to its keratolytic effect salicylic acid has become a main ingredient to treat acne. Salicylic acid is approved for non-prescription anti-acne products at concentrations from 0.5 - 2%. Besides keratolysis, the acidifying and anti-inflammatory properties of salicylic acid are also believed to be responsible for the good anti-acne effect of salicylic acid.

Sea Salt: A food and cosmetic grade seasalt from the coast of California.It is all natural and solar evaporated. Bromides and Iodine are present in thissea salt, including other minerals in a dried form, such as Magnesium, Sodium,Calcium and Potassium. All these minerals work together as regulators of cellactivity and daily functioning, relieving muscular pain and stabilizing fluidlevels in the body.

Sesame Oil: This ultra fine crude oil comes from pure expeller pressed Sesameseeds. It is a true and whole sesame oil with no other extraction methodsemployed and it has a rich golden color, with a bold, nutty flavor. Sesame oilis naturally active in vitamins A and E and essential proteins.

Shea Butter: Shea Butter is becoming increasingly popular in thenatural body care and cosmetic industries for good reason. It has been used forcenturies in Africa for its moisturizing andhealing properties, where it has been used to protect and condition skin whichhas been damaged by the sun and wind. Many companies use bleaches, deodorizers,or chemicals to alter the scent and appearance of Shea Butter. It is importantto not purchase Shea Butter that has been altered in this way, as theseprocessing methods deplete the product of its healing and medicinal properties,and also destroy the vitamins and minerals naturally present in Shea Butter.Shea Butter naturally has a cream color, and a distinctive scent which may notappeal to some. However, after applying Shea Butter to the skin, the scentlessens in strength. If you have been purchasing Shea Butter without thecharacteristic scent, then you have not been purchasing good quality SheaButter. The Shea butter used in my products is raw and unrefined. The majorityof Shea Butter is prepared by hand in small villages across western Africa. Shea Butter processing is historically done byvillage women, and the method which they use has been passed down to themthrough their elders. The Shea Butter used in my skin care products isprocessed in the traditional way in a village in Ghana. Because of the money earnedby the women, the village has been able to afford basic necessities, such asschools, clinics, and clean water. Shea Butter is naturally rich in Vitamins A,E, and F, as well as a number of other vitamins and minerals. Vitamins A and Ehelp to soothe, hydrate, and balance the skin. They also provide skin collagenwhich assists with wrinkles and other signs of ageing. Vitamin F containsessential fatty acids, and helps protect and revitalize damaged skin and hair.Shea Butter is an intense moisturizer for dry skin, and is a wonderful productfor revitalizing dull or dry skin on the body or scalp. It promotes skinrenewal, increases the circulation, and accelerates wound healing.

SheaNut Oil: A beautiful oil with a deep golden color derived by cold pressing thenut seed of the Shea (Karite) Tree. Shea oil is a byproduct of Shea butterproduction where the pressing of the seeds produces a fractionated oil. Thisoil leaves a smooth and healthy feel to the skin and offers benefits fornumerous skin problems including dermatitis, eczema, burns, cutaneous drynessand other irritations. Highly recommended as a protective agent against harshweather conditions where a mild barrier against the elements is desired.

SilkAmino Acids: Silk Amino Acid contains alanine,glycine and serine, which are sighted as the protein stimulants in our skin andhair. It helps maintain moisture levels in the skin, prevent dryness, thecrystalline structure reflects UV radiation, has anti-bacterial properties, andin hair care products will improve luminance and elastic behavior.

Slippery Elm Bark: Also knownas- Ulmus rubra, Ulmus fulva, Indian elm, moose elem, red elm, and sweetelm. Native Americans used soakedslippery elm bark as a natural bandage, allowing to dry over wounds. Manytribes also wrapped slippery elm around stored food to prevent spoilage.Slippery elm poultices are a mainstay of herbal medicine for treating itchy,inflamed, or irritated skin as well as cuts, scrapes, scratches, and minorburns.

Squalane: Squalane isfound in small quantities in olive oil, wheat germ oil, rice bran oil, andyeast. It permeates into the skin at a rate of 2 mm per second. It boosts the skin's ability to naturallyregenerate, nourish, hydrate, oxygenate and protect itself. The squalene used in my Sunshine Serum isbotanically-derived from olive oil. It has the identical chemical structure and CTFA nomenclature as squalene sourced from shark liver with the benefit ofbeing vegetal in origin.

Sunflower Oil: An oil wealthy in Oleic acids with high amounts ofVitamins A, D, and E, also has beneficial amounts of lecithin, and unsaturatedfatty acids. Deeply nourishing and conditioning for the skin and it is highlyrecommended for recipes designed to treat dry, weathered, aged, and damagedskin that is easily absorbed.

Tea Tree Oil: is best known as a very powerful immune stimulant. Itcan help to fight all three categories of infectious organisms (Bacteria,Fungi, and Viruses). Tea Tree has beenused to combat acne and oily skin, as it has wonderful antibacterialproperties.

Titanium Dioxide: This is used in cream that blocks the sun's rays wherever it is applied. It is also commonly found in makeup and white melt and pour soap bases, but not in a strong enough concentration to act as an effective sunscreen. Initially, titanium dioxide was difficult to apply, but now with new micro-encapsulation technology, it has become a very effective sun blocking agent.

Turbinado Raw Sugar (Sucrose): Known as a demulcent, which is a substance used to relieve pain in inflamed or irritated mucous surfaces. A simple organic exfoliating material. This is crystalizable sugar from the first step of refinement. It has a tan to brown color from the residual impurities.

Virgin Refined Coconut Oil: Thisparticular oil is refined through organic methods involving deodorization, andthe removal of color through the use of bleaching clays. This is a great oilfor general moisturizing and serves as a protective layer, helping to retainthe moisture in your skin. It is a mild oil suitable for those with inflamedand irritated skin, and those with skin sensitivities.

Vitamin E Oil: A natural Vitamin E oil obtained byvacuum distillation of vegetable fats. Recent studies have suggested thatVitamin E oil assists in maintaining a healthy heart and blood vessels. Itmeasures 7500 I.U. /Oz.

WheatGerm Oil: This ultra rich, unrefined Wheat Germ oil is a greatingredient high in natural source Vitamin E, A, D, proteins, Lecithin, andSqualene. Wheat germ has been applied externally for numerous irritationsincluding roughness of the skin, cracking, chaffing and many crafters ofcosmetics use it successfully to help reverse the effects of wrinkling.

White Kaolin Clay: OtherCommon Names- White Cosmetic Clay, White Kaolin Clay is foundin virtually all powdered and dry cosmetics and most wet cosmetics. Its naturaladsorbent properties makes it essential in hygiene products and is often foundin soaps, scrubs, poultices, deodorants, facial powders and masques It is themildest of all clays and is suitable to add to products created for people withsensitive skin. It helps stimulate circulation to the skin while gentlyexfoliating and cleansing it. It does not draw oils from the skin, so it canalso be used on dry skin types without negative results. Kaolin Clay is high incalcium, silica, zinc and magnesium, which are beneficial for oily, blemishedskin. The clay's mildly drying and disinfectant properties help heal existingblemishes and inflammations, while preventing new ones from forming.Traditionally, clays are used to reduce swelling and inflammation, and to drawimpurities from the skin. Cosmetic clays are made up of different mineralcontents, and each clay type has a different effect on the skin. The highmineral content of White Kaolin Clay rejuvenates the skin while the clayexfoliates and stimulates blood circulation to the skin. Regular use of clayfacials will remove dead skin cells, improve circulation to the skin, removedebris from the pores and bring about a smooth healthy glow.

White tea extract has been scientifically and clinically proven to protect the skin from oxidative stress and immune cell damage. Scientists at the University Hospitals of Cleveland and Case Western Reserve University recently proved that topical application of white tea is effective in boosting the immune function of skin cells and protecting them against the damaging effects of sun exposure. Researchers believe that the antioxidant property of white tea is what makes it effective as an anti-aging ingredient in cosmetics.Kevin Cooper, MD, chairman of the department of dermatology at UHC and CWRU said, "We know that younger skin tends to be able to resist the oxidative stress associated with exposure to the destructive rays of sunlight. The white tea extract also appears to build the skin's resistance against stresses that cause the skin to age."

Yarrow: Long-stemmed member of the sunflower family foundin the wild throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It canbe recognized by its highly segmented leaves (millefolium literally means"thousand leaves"), and the clusters of daisy-like white or lavenderflowers at the top of the stalk. Greek myth had it that Achilles paintedhimself with a tincture of yarrow to make himself invulnerable to arrows,everywhere on his body except his heel. Native American herbal medicine makesextensive use of yarrow. Among the Micmac people of Maine,New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, the stalk was chewed or stewedto induce sweating to "break" fevers and colds. They also pounded thestalks into a pulp to be applied to bruises, sprains, and swelling. TheCherokee, Gosiute, Iroquois, and Mohegan peoples used yarrow as a digestiveaid. Other herbal healing traditions use yarrow to treat a variety ofconditions characterized by swelling, often combined with echinacea, elderflower, ginger, and peppermint. Bitters, chamazulene, proazulene, saponins,tannins, fatty acids.

Zinc Oxide: Zinc Oxide has wonderful astringent properties and a greatsoothing effect for use in many skin preparations. It physically works toprovide 28 times the skin's natural protections against harmful UVA and UVBrays.